Posted by: Jack Henry | May 19, 2026

Editor’s Corner: Style Guides

Dear Editrix,

What is the difference between APA, MLA, CMOS, CSE, AMA, and IEEE?

Sincerely,

Mr. Inquisitive

Dear Mr. Inquisitive,

Thank you for the question!

These are all acronyms for the various style guides out there. Style guides include rules for grammar, language use, headings, fonts, numbering, and how to format citations. There is more to them than that, but I don’t want to bore you.

From the Purdue OWL:

Style guides are used as a way of making common elements consistent across documents written by many writers, in many places, and in many circumstances; as a result, readers from any university (or other audience groups) can read a paper written in APA style and know immediately how to navigate the headings of the paper, which details will be listed in the abstract, how quotes will be introduced and marked, where to look for important citation information, and what each citation element represents.

The primary difference between these citation styles lies in their discipline-specific focus (social sciences, humanities, history, sciences, medicine, or engineering) and their in-text citation methods (author-date, page numbers, or numbering).

Here are the acronyms, what the acronyms stand for, the field that uses them, and their emphasis.

Acronym Style Guide Name Field Emphasis
APA American Psychological Association Social sciences Emphasizes author-date (e.g., Smith, 2026) for research currency.
MLA Modern Language Association Humanities Emphasizes author-page (e.g., Smith 10) for literature and arts.
CMOS The Chicago Manual of Style History/Arts Offers flexible, detailed notes-bibliography (footnotes) or author-date systems.
CSE Council of Science Editors Natural Sciences Provides three systems (citation-sequence, name-year) tailored to science writing.
AMA American Medical Association Medicine/Health Uses superscript numbers (1) for efficient medical citation.
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Engineering/Computer Sciences Uses bracketed numbers (e.g., [1]) for technical documentation.

Thank you for the question!

Kara Church | Technical Editor, Advisory | Knowledge Enablement

Pronouns: she/her | Call via Teams | jackhenry.com

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